Sublimation printing is a fantastic way to create vibrant, long-lasting designs on various items, from T-shirts to mugs to unique home decor. At the heart of this process is sublimation paper, a special type of paper that makes it all possible. In this article, we’ll explore what is sublimation paper?, how it works, and what types of surfaces it works best on, so you can dive into your own sublimation projects with confidence.
What Is Sublimation Paper?
Sublimation paper is a specialised transfer paper used in the process of sublimation printing. Unlike regular inkjet or laser transfer paper, sublimation paper works exclusively with sublimation inks. These inks are unique because, when heated, they transform from a solid to a gas without becoming liquid in between—a process called “sublimation.” Sublimation paper is engineered to hold these inks, releasing them only when high heat is applied, allowing the ink to turn into a gas and embed itself into compatible surfaces.
In other words, sublimation paper doesn’t just lay ink on top of a material like standard printing methods. Instead, it transfers ink into the fibres of fabrics or the coating of rigid surfaces. This means the final result is more durable, resistant to fading, and can capture bright, vivid colours.
How Does Sublimation Paper Work?
Here’s a quick overview of the sublimation printing process using sublimation paper:
- Design Creation: First, create or choose a digital design. You can use software like Adobe Illustrator, Photoshop, or free programs like Canva for custom designs.
- Printing: Print the design onto sublimation paper using a sublimation printer filled with sublimation ink. Make sure to mirror the image so it will appear correctly after transfer.
- Transfer with Heat: Place the sublimation paper onto the surface you want to decorate, and then press it with a heat press machine at a high temperature (usually between 350°F and 400°F). This heat turns the sublimation ink into gas, which penetrates the surface of your item.
- Cooling: Allow the item to cool, revealing a vibrant, lasting print that’s fully embedded in the surface, rather than sitting on top.
What Can You Use Sublimation Paper On?
One of the fantastic aspects of sublimation printing is its versatility. However, sublimation paper can’t be used on just anything. Here are the most common (and best) types of materials for sublimation printing.
1. Polyester Fabrics
Sublimation is most successful on polyester or polyester-coated surfaces because the process requires a material that can absorb and retain the gaseous ink. Polyester fabrics make it easy for the sublimated ink to become part of the fabric, resulting in vibrant colours and a soft, touchable design that won’t crack or peel. Here are some polyester items ideal for sublimation:
- T-shirts: Particularly popular for custom clothing, polyester T-shirts produce vibrant prints.
- Sports Apparel: Polyester’s moisture-wicking properties make it a go-to for sportswear, and sublimation provides vivid, durable colours for team logos or patterns.
- Hoodies, Jackets, and Tote Bags: Other apparel made from polyester or polyester blends also work well with sublimation.
Tip: Although some poly-cotton blends work, the results are generally better on items that are at least 65% polyester.
2. Hard Surfaces with Polymer Coating
Sublimation can also work on hard surfaces, provided they have a polymer coating. This coating acts similarly to polyester fabric, allowing the sublimation ink to adhere permanently. Some popular hard surfaces for sublimation include:
- Ceramic Mugs: White ceramic mugs with a sublimation-ready coating are incredibly popular for custom designs, especially in gift and retail.
- Phone Cases: Many phone cases have polymer coatings that make them suitable for sublimation, giving you the option to personalise phone cases with unique designs.
- Aluminium Sheets: Sublimation aluminium panels, often used in photography or wall decor, allow you to display high-quality images with vivid colours and incredible detail.
- Keychains and Ornaments: Many sublimation blanks are small items like keychains and Christmas ornaments that have a polymer surface for printing.
3. Mouse Pads and Coasters
These everyday items are often made with polyester materials, making them ideal for sublimation. Both mouse pads and coasters can be transformed into unique, custom designs perfect for personal use or gift-giving. Mouse pads are often a go-to item for offices or brands wanting custom promotional materials.
4. Home Decor and Accessories
Home decor is a growing market for sublimation, with many items available for customization. Here are some options:
- Pillows: Pillowcases made of polyester or polyester-blend fabrics can be sublimated with designs, patterns, or photos, making them perfect for personalised decor.
- Blankets: For a unique touch, sublimated throws or blankets are both functional and decorative.
- Placemats and Table Runners: Add a personal or seasonal touch to your dining setup with sublimated table linens made from polyester blends.
What Can’t You Use Sublimation Paper On?
While sublimation paper is versatile, it has its limitations:
- 100% Cotton: Because cotton can’t absorb sublimation ink the way polyester can, the colours will fade or wash away. If you want to sublimate on cotton, you’ll need to use a workaround, such as applying a polyester coating spray or using a special sublimation transfer material.
- Uncoated Hard Surfaces: Materials like wood, glass, or metal that aren’t treated with a polymer coating will not work with sublimation. While there are sprays and coatings available, results can be inconsistent unless you use professionally coated materials.
Why Choose Sublimation Paper?
Sublimation printing using sublimation paper offers a few major advantages:
- Durability: Because the ink bonds to the material on a molecular level, it’s resistant to fading, peeling, and cracking.
- Vibrancy: Sublimation inks yield brighter, more vibrant colours than many other printing techniques.
- Versatility: The ability to print on everything from shirts to mugs and phone cases makes sublimation printing a favourite for customization and personalisation.
Final Thoughts
Sublimation paper is the cornerstone of sublimation printing, enabling the transfer of high-quality, durable designs onto polyester fabrics and polymer-coated surfaces. Whether you’re looking to start a small business, make personalised gifts, or simply explore a new crafting hobby, sublimation printing offers a versatile, vibrant, and lasting way to bring your designs to life.
Before starting, make sure to select the right substrates, have a heat press ready, and understand the basics of working with sublimation inks. With these essentials, you’re ready to dive into the colourful, creative world of sublimation!
